荧光灯与电子镇流器的最佳匹配

荧光灯在电子镇流器高频状态下的工作机理及工作特性和电感镇流器５０Ｈｚ工作状态下有很大区别，本文通过试验和理论分析，就紧凑型荧光灯在电子镇流器工作状态下的波峰系数，工作电流，工作电压，光通量，光效等光电参数进行讨论，提出了最佳匹配参数。     

A high efficiency single molecule localisation algorithm with sub-pixel resolution based on fluorescence images

We introduce a technique of fast single molecule localisation including image de-noising and Gaussian mask sub-pixel refinement (IDGM) with the characteristics of simplicity, great computational efficiency as well as high accuracy and precision. The image de-noising corrects images suffering from background and shot noise, and the Gaussian mask is used to derive the centres of single molecules with sub-pixel resolution. We quantitatively evaluate the performance of IDGM compared to two-dimensional direct Gaussian fitting (2DDGF) on 1000 simulated images at variable signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), where the single molecule diffraction spot is simulated as a point spread function distribution. It is shown that IDGM performs better than 2DDGF in terms of accuracy and precision for all tested SNRs. In addition, the execution time is shorted by one order of magnitude, making the IDGM algorithm suitable for localising single molecules especially for on-line or time-critical applications.     

Electrochemical studies of the inhibition of the cathodic delamination of organically coated galvanised steel by thin conversion films

Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP) measurements of thin amorphous conversion film coated galvanised steel in combination with current density-potential curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed with the aim to improve the understanding of electrode potentials at the coating/metal interface and their influence on corrosive de-adhesion. The thin hybrid conversion films contained Zn-phosphates, titanates and also complexing organic compounds and led to an inhibition of the cathodic oxygen reduction and anodic zinc dissolution. In the polymer coated area the conversion film leads to a cathodic shift of the potential as measured by means of the SKP. This cathodic potential shift is explained by the substitution of the n-semiconducting Zn-oxide with an insulating inorganic layer. When the SKP detects the potential of freely corroding iron at a defect, where no protective coating layer is, the interfacial potential for the conversion film coated zinc layer is more negative than the defect potential. This leads to a diminished driving force for an oxygen reduction induced delamination process which is of relevance for the understanding of cut-edge corrosion.     

Application of SKP for in situ monitoring of ion mobility along insulator/insulator interfaces

From corrosion to batteries and super-capacitors, mobility of ions at interfaces, a pre-requisite for many electrochemical processes, plays a key role in a great number of applications. In this paper we show for the first time that the Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP) technique can be applied for studying ion mobility along any kind of insulator/insulator interface. As across these interfaces high biases can be applied, the determination of the mobility constants should be possible. Since for practically all kinds of interfaces model samples based on insulating substrate can be prepared, this is a break-through for studying ion mobility along any kind of interface, as well as mobility of ions adsorbed on a surface. While it has been shown nearly two decades ago that delamination of polymer/metal interfaces and also diffusion or migration of ions along such interfaces can be monitored in situ by SKP, no attempts have been made so far to apply this technique for investigating the mobility of ions also along interfaces between insulating materials. Here we show that this is possible. This opens up the use of SKP for a vast field of research that is of critical importance for many applications.     

How to visualize the spider mite silk?

Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a phytophagous mite that forms colonies of several thousand individuals. Like spiders, every individual produces abundant silk strands and is able to construct a common web for the entire colony. Despite the importance of this silk for the biology of this worldwide species, only one previous study suggested how to visualize it. To analyze the web structuration, we developed a simple technique to dye T. urticae'silk on both inert and living substrates. Fluorescent brightener 28 (FB) (Sigma F3543) diluted in different solvents at different concentrations regarding the substrate was used to observe single strands of silk. On glass lenses, a 0.5% dimethyl sulfoxide solution was used and on bean leaves, a 0.1% aqueous solution. A difference of silk deposit was observed depending the substrate: rectilinear threads on glass lenses and more sinuous ones on bean leaves. This visualizing technique will help to carry out future studies about the web architecture and silk used by T. urticae. It might also be useful for the study of other silk-spinning arthropods. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Molecular recognition of DNA–protein complexes: A straightforward method combining scanning force and fluorescence microscopy

Combining scanning force and fluorescent microscopy allows simultaneous identification of labeled biomolecules and analysis of their nanometer level architectural arrangement. Fluorescent polystyrene nano-spheres were used as reliable objects for alignment of optical and topographic images. This allowed the precise localization of different fluorescence particles within complex molecular assemblies whose structure was mapped in nanometer detail topography. Our experiments reveal the versatility of this method for analysis of proteins and protein–DNA complexes.     

Highly sensitive fluorescent probe for thiols based on combination of PET and ESIPT mechanisms

We have developed a conceptually new design strategy for fluorescent probes based on a combinational use of photo-induced electron transfer (PET) and excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanisms. This turn-on fluorescence thiol-probe shows fast responses to mercapto-biomolecules with high sensitivity and selectivity. Furthermore, it was used for imaging in living cells with excellent performance.     

曲面工件超声波检测的扫描方法进展

曲面工件的超声波检测中，由于工件表面曲率对超声波速的散射和聚焦，如何将超声波束准确可靠地投射到工件内的待检测区域，是检测工作中比较关心的问题。本文对棒材和管材超声波检测中常用折发描方法作了评述，介绍了最近几年出现的适于棒材和管材和接触法和水浸法探伤方法。     

紫外灯性能测试比较

紫外灯是荧光渗透和荧光磁粉检测的重要观察工具，其质量与缺陷检出率有很大关系。按照GB／T15882．3—2005和ASMEE1209--1987标准要求，试验测试了不同厂家的紫外灯性能，比较了各自在启动时间、照度、重启动时间、电压波动影响、温度影响、在日光下显示缺陷的能力、强磁场的影响和抗水溅能力方面的特点。试验结果可为操作者选用高性能紫外灯提供参考。